Blog List

Friday 2 September 2016

Reducing leaching of boron-based wood preservatives – A review of research

Published Date
October 2008, Vol.99(15):73127322doi:10.1016/j.biortech.2007.12.077

Title 

Reducing leaching of boron-based wood preservatives – A review of research

  • Author 
  • Diana N. Obanda a,1,
  • Todd F. Shupe a,,
  • H. Michael Barnes b,2,
  • aLouisiana Forest Products Development Center, School of Renewable Natural Resources, Louisiana State University Agricultural Center, Baton Rouge, LA 70803, United States
  • bDepartment of Forest Products, Mississippi State University, Mississippi State, MS 39762-9820, United States

 Table 1
Table 1.


For further details log on website :
http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S096085240800028X

Preliminary data on cellulase encoding genes in the xylophagous beetle, Hylotrupes bajulus (Linnaeus)

Published Date
January 2014, Vol.86:9295doi:10.1016/j.ibiod.2013.09.009
2nd International Conference on Biodeterioration of Wood and Wood Products, Tartu, Estonia

Title 

Preliminary data on cellulase encoding genes in the xylophagous beetle, Hylotrupes bajulus (Linnaeus)

  • Author 
  • Matteo Busconi a
  • Alessia Berzolla b,
  • Elisabetta Chiappini b,
  • aIstituto di Agronomia, genetica e coltivazioni erbacee, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Via Emilia Parmense 84, 29122 Piacenza, Italy
  • bCentro per la Protezione dei Beni Culturali dagli organismi dannosi, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Via Emilia Parmense 84, 29122 Piacenza, Italy
  • Cerambycidae cellulose digestion.
  • Presence of endogenous endoglucanase genes in Hylotrupess bajulus larvae.
  • Cellulase activity and nature.

Abstract

Hylotrupes bajulus (Linnaeus) (Coleoptera, Cerambycidae), a wood-boring beetle attacking softwood, utilises both wood starch and cellulose as food. The fibre is digested in variable percentages, depending on the starch content. A role for symbiotic bacteria was presumed as well as the presence of endogenous cellulases. The aim of our investigation was to verify the presence of endogenous endoglucanase genes in H. bajulus larvae. After performing an online search, three sequences for the endoglucanases of the class GHF5 and four for the endoglucanases of the class GHF45 were recovered and aligned in order to develop some primers on the most conserved regions and try the amplification of the genes in H. bajulus. Seven degenerated primers for GHF5 endoglucanase and five for GHF45 endoglucanase were tested. By using two different primer combinations we obtained two fragments: both of them showed homology with significant identity with insect endoglucanases of the GHF45 family available online, and one also with microbial cellulases. The first fragment is undoubtedly of endogenous origin while we cannot exclude that the second one is of microbial origin. No results were obtained for the endoglucanase of the class GHF5.

Fig. 1.
 Table 1
Table 1.
Fig. 2.
Fig. 3.


For further details log on website :
http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0964830513003302

Wood penetration ability of hydrogen cyanide and its efficacy for fumigation of Anoplophora glabripennis, Hylotrupes bajulus (Coleoptera), and Bursaphelenchus xylophilus (Nematoda)

Published Date
January 2014, Vol.86:189195doi:10.1016/j.ibiod.2013.08.024

Title 

Wood penetration ability of hydrogen cyanide and its efficacy for fumigation of Anoplophora glabripennisHylotrupes bajulus (Coleoptera), and Bursaphelenchus xylophilus (Nematoda)

  • Author 
  • V. Stejskal a,,
  • O. Douda a
  • M. Zouhar b
  • M. Manasova b
  • M. Dlouhy c
  • J. Simbera c
  • R. Aulicky a
  • aCrop Research Institute Prague, Division of Plant Health, Drnovska 507, 161 06 Prague 6, Czech Republic
  • bCzech University of Life Sciences Prague, Faculty of Agrobiology, Food and Natural Resources, Department of Plant Protection, Czech Republic
  • cLucebni zavody Draslovka a.s. Kolin, Czech Republic
  • We proved efficacy of hydrogen cyanide (HCN) for controlling B. xylophilusH. bajulus & A. glabripennis.
  • We assessed the rate of penetration of HCN into spruce blocks.
  • HCN is a promising fumigation alternative to methyl bromide.

Abstract

Pinewood nematodes (Bursaphelenchus xylophilus) and Asian longhorned beetles (Anoplophora glabripennis) are the primary regulated pests for packaging wood and timber in the EU, while the house longhorned beetle (Hylotrupes bajulus) is the most important cosmopolitan pest of construction wood. Gaseous hydrogen cyanide (HCN) is one of the few fumigation alternatives to the banned ozone-depleting chemical methyl bromide (MBr). This study reports the results of HCN fumigation experiments in a hermetically sealed steel chamber regarding (1) the penetration and absorption rates of HCN in wooden blocks, and (2) the biological efficacy of HCN against the wood-infesting pests B. xylophilus (in sawdust), A. glabripennis, and H. bajulus (in wooden blocks). A concentration equilibrium for HCN (at 20 g m−3) between the fumigation chamber headspace and the center of the treated spruce blocks (100 × 100 × 120 mm) was reached after 48 h in the saturated atmosphere. A dose of 10 g m−3 in the center of the spruce blocks was reached for both saturated and non-saturated atmospheres after 24 h of fumigation. The wood tested absorbed approximately 40–45% of the HCN, until equilibrium was reached. The highest tested HCN dose (20 g m−3) led to 100% mortality of the A. glabripennis and H. bajuluslarvae after less than 1 h of exposure. For 20 g m−3 and 1 h exposure the Ct product was <18.66 g*h/m3 for H. bajulus and <17.67 g*h/m3 for A. glabripennis. Hydrogen cyanide doses of 10 g m−3 and 20 g m−3 led to 100% B. xylophilus mortality in 40 and 18 h, respectively. For B. xylophilus the Ct product was <424.00 g*h/m3 for 20 °C and 10 g m−3 and <349.51 g*h/m3 for 25 °C and 20 g m−3. The initial results are promising in terms of establishing an alternative technology and protocol to MBr for timber fumigation.

Fig. 1.
Fig. 2.
Fig. 3.
Fig. 4.
 Table 1
Table 1.
 Table 2
Table 2.
 Table 3
Table 3.

For further details log on website :
http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0964830513003375

Adapting the optimal selective-logging of Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris L.) stands in NE Spain to increasing CO2 concentrations

Author
Ruben Javier MurRenan GoetzAngels XabadiaFrancesc Córdoba and Carles Gracia
Journal of Forest Economics, 2014, vol. 20, issue 3, pages 286-304

Abstract: Predicted increases in CO2 concentrations will affect forest ecosystems. In particular, they will impact tree growth, which in turn affects reproduction and mortality and consequently, forest planning. This study integrates different climate change scenarios of future biogeochemical processes and an economic model into a forest management model to determine the optimal selective-logging regime of Scots pine stands. It analyzes the economic implications of the management changes in comparison with the business as usual strategy. Adaption to new climatic conditions shows that it is optimal to increase the number of standing trees and to reduce the age of the logged trees. The results suggest that the failure to adapt the management regime has clear implications on the profitability of forests. Moreover, they show that higher mortality is likely to have a significant impact on the optimal forest management regime.

Keywords: Climate changeForest managementSize-distributed standDynamic optimization (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: Q23 Q54 C61 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2014
References: View references in EconPapers View complete reference list from CitEc
Citations Track citations by RSS feed

Downloads: (external link)
http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1104689914000312 


Full text for ScienceDirect subscribers only

Related works:
This item may be available elsewhere in EconPapers: Search for items with the same title.

Export reference: BibTeX RIS (EndNote, ProCite, RefMan) HTML/Text
Persistent link:http://EconPapers.repec.org/RePEc:eee:foreco:v:20:y:2014:i:3:p:286-304
Ordering information: This journal article can be ordered from
http://www.elsevier.com/wps/find/journaldescription.cws_home/701775/bibliographic
http://www.elsevier. ... 701775/bibliographic

Access Statistics for this article
Journal of Forest Economics is currently edited by P. Gong and R. Brännlund
More articles in Journal of Forest Economics from  Elsevier
Series data maintained by Shamier, Wendy (repec@elsevier.com).



For further details log on website :
http://econpapers.repec.org/article/eeeforeco/v_3a20_3ay_3a2014_3ai_3a3_3ap_3a286-304.htm

Projecting county pulpwood production with historical production and macro-economic variables

Author
Consuelo Brandeis and Dayton Lambert (dlamber1@utk.edu)
Journal of Forest Economics, 2014, vol. 20, issue 3, pages 305-315

Abstract: We explored forecasting of county roundwood pulpwood production with county-vector autoregressive (CVAR) and spatial panel vector autoregressive (SPVAR) methods. The analysis used timber products output data for the state of Florida, together with a set of macro-economic variables. Overall, we found the SPVAR specification produced forecasts with lower error rates compared to CVAR specifications. Nonetheless, high forecast errors across counties revealed the uncertainty associated with projecting volumes of county pulpwood production.
Keywords: County pulpwood forecastVector autoregressiveSpatial panel VAR(search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2014
References: View references in EconPapers View complete reference list from CitEc
Citations Track citations by RSS feed

Downloads: (external link)
http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1104689914000324
Full text for ScienceDirect subscribers only


Related works:
This item may be available elsewhere in EconPapers: Search for items with the same title.

Export reference: BibTeX RIS (EndNote, ProCite, RefMan) HTML/Text
Persistent link:http://EconPapers.repec.org/RePEc:eee:foreco:v:20:y:2014:i:3:p:305-315
Ordering information: This journal article can be ordered from
http://www.elsevier.com/wps/find/journaldescription.cws_home/701775/bibliographic
http://www.elsevier. ... 701775/bibliographic

Access Statistics for this article
Journal of Forest Economics is currently edited by P. Gong and R. Brännlund
More articles in Journal of Forest Economics from  Elsevier
Series data maintained by Shamier, Wendy (repec@elsevier.com).



For further details log on website :
http://econpapers.repec.org/article/eeeforeco/v_3a20_3ay_3a2014_3ai_3a3_3ap_3a305-315.htm

The effect of collective forestland tenure reform in China: Does land parcelization reduce forest management intensity?

Author
Yi XiePeichen GongXiao Han and Yali Wen
Journal of Forest Economics, 2014, vol. 20, issue 2, pages 126-140

Abstract: China implemented a new round of collective forestland tenure reform during 2003–2013. In this reform, forestland owned by villages or township collective organizations were divided into a great number of small plots and allocated to member households of the collectives. A widespread concern about the reform is that parcelization of forestland might limit farmers’ incentives to invest in forest management. This paper examines the factors affecting farmers’ investment in forest management using household data collected in four provinces in 2010. The results show that the intensity of a household's investment in forest management is negatively affected by its nonfarm income and the average size of forest plots, but positively affected by the easiness in obtaining loan and the technical assistance the household receives. We argue that the counterintuitive effect of nonfarm income on investment intensity is due to the increasing marginal cost of own labor input. The effects of forest plot size and easiness in obtaining loan suggest that households have limited amount of capital to invest in forest management. Because of this constraint, parcelization of forestland resulted from the recent reform has not yet caused any reduction of the intensity of investment in forest management.

Keywords: Land tenure reformCollective forestForest managementForest policyDouble hurdle model (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: Q23 N50 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2014
References: Add references at CitEc
Citations View citations in EconPapers (2) Track citations by RSS feed

Downloads: (external link)
http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1104689914000142
Full text for ScienceDirect subscribers only


Related works:
This item may be available elsewhere in EconPapers: Search for items with the same title.

Export reference: BibTeX RIS (EndNote, ProCite, RefMan) HTML/Text
Persistent link:http://EconPapers.repec.org/RePEc:eee:foreco:v:20:y:2014:i:2:p:126-140
Ordering information: This journal article can be ordered from
http://www.elsevier.com/wps/find/journaldescription.cws_home/701775/bibliographic
http://www.elsevier. ... 701775/bibliographic

Access Statistics for this article
Journal of Forest Economics is currently edited by P. Gong and R. Brännlund
More articles in Journal of Forest Economics from  Elsevier
Series data maintained by Shamier, Wendy (repec@elsevier.com).



For further details log on website :
http://econpapers.repec.org/article/eeeforeco/v_3a20_3ay_3a2014_3ai_3a2_3ap_3a126-140.htm

Advantages and Disadvantages of Fasting for Runners

Author BY   ANDREA CESPEDES  Food is fuel, especially for serious runners who need a lot of energy. It may seem counterintuiti...